行星地质与天文学| Bruker - bob综合客户端app,bob电竞官方网站,bob体育竞技风暴

Introduction

与世界技术的外星人调查

Extraterrestrial materials that come to Earth as meteorites or collected by missions into space by humans, satellites or rovers provide key links to the origins of planets and solar systems. Rock and mineral samples that make it to Earth through direct sampling or as meteorites are precious and their study demands limited invasive analysis and maximization of the materials in hand. Study of analogues and simulated materials allow improved ability to interpret what we is seen through remote sensing, and develop remote tools to operate in the rugged and extreme environments on other planetary bodies. Bruker partners with scientists to provide the appropriate tools for your research in planetary geology.

陨石表征和分类

粉刷的抛光表面

陨石和micro-meteorites是唯一的accessible solid materials from non-Earth/Moon rocky bodies, commonly preserving the records of processes dating back to the formation of the solar system. Classification of meteorites is based on a combination of mineralogical, bulk chemical, and isotopic compositions, and commonly relies on destructive analytical techniques. However, information on their origins doesn't just come from bulk compositions but the spatial distributions of minerals and elements. Geochemical and mineralogical mapping techniques provide these key data.

通过示踪剂or泰坦手持XRF可以识别现场或实验室中的许多陨石类别，从而限制了需要通过更昂贵的技术进行进一步研究的样品数量。见一个示例here。
元素映射使用M4 TORNADOandM4 Tornado PlusMicro-XRF仪器允许大量的地球化学数据，而无需破坏敏感样品。地图可以比较单个样本中存在的域，例如角砾岩片段之间的组成差异或评估原发性矿物学与二次改变产物在撞击过程中形成的次要变性产物，通过地球大气或地球表面。此外，组成图提供了背景和改进的靶向目标，可通过高分辨率技术（例如同位素分析）进行进一步分析。
在较小的样品上查看更高的大型化时，Quantax编辑andQUANTAX WDSsystems for scanning electron microscopes provide compositional point analysis at micron- and sub-micron scales and mapping in detail over areas as large as a thin section. Couple these detectors withQuantax EBSD限制矿物结构信息。
布鲁克的振动光谱解决方案，例如Hyperion系列FT-IR显微镜E和Senterra Raman显微镜在元素数据不足的地方更深入研究，例如表征无定形与晶体材料，以及无机与有机碳的鉴定。bob综合游戏
X射线衍射许多顶级博物馆都在验证陨石标本中使用。金属受到的极端条件通常会导致发现独特的新阶段。月球材料和收bob综合游戏集（添加子弹点）：细的粉末像月球表面一样，被称为月球岩石的妆容与陆生材料的构成截然不同。X射线衍射起着元素技术（例如XRF）的互补作用，因为它对材料的晶体结构敏感。模拟研究（添加子弹点）：在研究火星和月球灰尘对设备的影响时，不仅要考虑元素组成，而且要考虑模拟剂的晶体学结构。D2移相器通常用于月球和火星模拟研究中，以确保模拟物的相位量化与这些外星环境匹配。

联系专家

月球材料bob综合游戏

将月球材料和收藏在科学中bob综合游戏带回科学

Direct samples of the moon are limited, and include those returned from the Luna unmanned and Apollo manned missions to the lunar surface in the 1960's and 1970's, and meteorites that have made it to Earth through much of its history. Samples of lunar rock and regolith are among our best physical record of a planetary surface and provide important information about the origin of the moon and its relationship to Earth, as well as the nature of impact processes and their evolution through time in the solar system. Bruker's tools for non-invasive micro-analysis provide focused solutions for the in-depth study of natural and synthetic lunar materials.

M4 TORNADOandM4 Tornado PlusMicro-XRF仪器能够快速，大面积的元素映射岩石和松散的颗粒物，例如具有最小样品制备和无样品消耗的月球土壤。这种快速的映射技术不仅为细粒度的特征提供了更大的地球化学环境，还可以通过识别最重要的领域来减少侵入性子采样和更具破坏性的分析技术所需的体积。
Quantax编辑andQUANTAX WDSsystems for scanning electron microscopes enable semi- and fully-quantitative compositional point and mapping data to characterize even the finest grained impact melt products. Bruker'sQuantax扁平环形EDS检测器即使在非常低的光束电流下也具有高灵敏度，从而可以精确地分析岩石和岩石样品中的冲击玻璃。
Quantax EBSDsystem provides advanced structural analysis of solid materials to investigate high-pressure mineral polymorphs, deformation processes, and low-volume melt products generated during impact events.
振动光谱法可以极大地使对月球材料的分析受益。这SENTERRA IIconfocal Raman microscope is used to make clear and confident statements about crystallinity and chemical nature of minerals and other lunar materials. In fact, it can be used to investigate the “shock history” of lunar basalt by investigating the structural state of phases (e.g. amorphous vs. crystalline). Furthermore, Raman data can be complemented by the use of anft-irmicroscope like theHYPERIONallowing statements about water content.

哥白尼火山口附近的月球表面。

Contact a Conservation Expert

Analog Studies

Analog Studies are our First Field Laboratories for Solar System Exploration

在西澳大利亚州的火星模拟地点收集样品，以进行地球化学分析。这种粘土在pH下2低于2的水中形成

Analog studies help prepare for geologic work on other planets and provide insight into other rocky bodies in our solar system. Analog field expeditions transform similar parts of the Earth into field research, development laboratories and proving grounds for procedures, methodologies, and technologies. Analog science missions explore the extremes of surface environments on Earth to better understand the processes and products of current or past planetary locations. Analog sites are selected for geologic, environmental, or chemical similarities to other planets, moons, or asteroids. Bruker tools are used in planetary analog studies to:

制定标准操作程序，用于在表面探索过程中使用便携式仪器
在HAB或Surface车辆中进行详细科学分析的测试政策和程序
收集有关机器人数据收集的有效性和局限性的信息
制定和测试行星保护方案和生物内在的对策
观察并理解极端环境中的生物地球化学过程，包括极端化学，温度和压力。

联系专家

测试新墨西哥州火星上月球和长期熔岩流的模拟部位，用PXRF在模拟部位测量直接岩石测量。

将分析技术纳入模拟研究，可以对操作程序，工作流和人类对数据的反应进行更现实的评估。现场数据收集还可以通过提供实时数据并更准确地模拟将收集在火星，月球，小行星及以后收集的数据分析的类型来增强陆地科学任务。布鲁克（Bruker）与政府和大学一起部署了用于模拟任务的便携式和手持设备，开发用于破坏性机器人协议的破坏性测试的低成本仪器以及满足远程任务分析要求的方法的发展。

Bruker的现场携带工具组合可以用于模拟研究：

这示踪剂5andCTX便携式X射线荧光光谱仪（PXRF）可用于模拟车展外活动（EVA）数据收集，HAB或车辆数据收集以及数据处理工作流。这示踪剂is equipped with a large screen and adjustable handle capable of being used while in an environment suit. The ability for fully customizable calibrations enables accurate simulation of data processing workflows.
这BRAVO拉曼光谱仪和Alpha II FTIR光谱仪是偏远和极端位置振动光谱的理想平台。坚固且易于使用BRAVOis easy to hold in an environment suit and has a large easy-to-read display. TheΑis a benchtop system with maximum flexibility, a built-in screen, and push-button results.
这S2 Picofoxenables exploring alternative methods of geochemical analysis with elemental analysis down to the PPB level for some samples in a field-portable unit without the need for consumable gases.

通过研究陆地撞击结构进行轰炸过程

亚利桑那州的流星火山口是在撞击过程中形成的。50，000年前。

关于我们所知道的轰炸过程的很多内容来自对陆地撞击陨石坑的研究。由于最终火山口的几何形状，由于冲击的速度高和影响事件的年龄，形成了反应产物（变形的岩石和矿物质，冲击熔体和喷射），这些过去的效果的这些残留物告诉了我们很多塑造过程的过程bob综合客户端app地球和其他岩石行星。陆地冲击产品的微观结构和 - 键合分析代表了对在太阳系和其他地方在其他地方运行的影响过程的模型和预测的一阶限制。

M4 TORNADO，，，，M4 Tornado Plus，，，，andM6射击micro-XRF instruments enable rapid characterization of large samples and drill core to allow identification of impact products such as impact melt and tephra or spherule beds. Major and minor element distributions place greater confidence in interpretations of rock textures while trace elements may confirm the presence of fine-grained remnants of the impactor.
Quantax编辑，，，，QUANTAX WDSandQuantax EBSD用于扫描电子显微镜的系统可以将组成和结构表征降低至微米和亚微米尺度，从而证实了矿物质中的变形带或孪晶的存在，并且出现了高压矿物多晶型物，从而使影响事件的大小和速度受到约束。bob综合客户端app