自从Geim和Novoselov的诺贝尔奖获得奖励以来,原子力显微镜就可以探测单个石墨烯薄片,为原子水平提供纳米级细节,因此一直是石墨烯研究的一部分。早期的tappingmode图像,用布鲁克多模®AFMat locations pinpointed by an optical survey, unambiguously identified the single graphene layers that had previously been thought to be inaccessible.
这一发现之后交货plosion of graphene research activity, with well over 100 publications using Bruker AFMs. These studies include investigations into the fabrication of graphene and graphene oxide, where consistent product purity and known, low defect density are a key challenge, especially for scalable graphene production. They also address the wide ranging applications envisioned for graphene, from flexible displays and fast electronics to actuators, biosensors, and composites. Researchers at nearly every leading graphene research center are also using ourDimension XR,,,,尺寸快速扫描®和尺寸图标®在石墨烯和其他2D材料中推动其研究的系统。bob综合游戏
Advanced property measurements have played a key role in the exciting AFM discoveries in graphene research. This research includes quantitative mechanical property mapping with Bruker’s exclusivePeakforce QNM®如Chu等人(J. Procedia Eng 36,571(2012)用于拆卸石墨烯分层和Lazar等人(J. ACS Nano ASAP 2013),用于量化电气设备应用中电极键合的石墨烯金属相互作用。示例是对复合材料的纳米级电导率研究(Bhaskar等,J。Power Sounces 216,169,2012)和功能化石墨烯(Felten等,Small 9(4),631,2013)以及KPFM研究澄清优化的氧化石墨烯 - 有机杂交FET设备中的电荷渗透途径(Liscio等,J。材料化学21,2924,2011)。bob综合游戏
最新的布鲁克技术有望将更加激动人心的进步。PeakForce KPFM™可以允许将混合装置的研究扩展到更高的空间分辨率,更定量的测量以及与局部材料变化的相关性,这些变化可以在同时的机械性能映射中揭示。未来的电导率研究可能会受益于可靠的能力Peakforce Tuna™to provide the highest spatial resolution on the most mechanically fragile samples. The investigation of defects in the 2D material graphene might be enriched by further PeakForce QNM studies, as this mode has been shown on 3D crystals to open the door to property mapping with atomic defect resolution.
在二氧化硅上制备的石墨烯片的地形图揭示了在连续层之间预期的300pm石墨烯步骤。
Graphene flake Raman G-band. Raman spectroscopy allows for fast mapping of graphene layer structure through G-band intensity.
D波段大约1350厘米的强度-1表示石墨烯晶格的混乱。该D波段图像表明沿着样品的单层部分边缘增加了缺陷的区域。
PeakForce KPFM图像显示了单一至双层石墨烯的工作功能变化为80mV,但随后将每个连续的层减小。
AFM地形图像在感兴趣的区域显示石墨烯层中的皱纹。
与不受干扰的部分相比,富含缺陷区域的详细的机械性能测量揭示了具有更大符合性和粘附性的精细结构,这表明石墨烯层在该区域皱纹。
变形通道在石墨烯薄片上显示的变形比底物上的变形更大,并允许我们推断出石墨烯薄片在加载过程中比硅柔软,但在亚毫秒卸载过程中不会机械放松。
该模量图显示了精细的结构,其合规性更大,视为模量图图像上的较暗区域。